A Periodontal flap is a section of gingiva and/or muscosa surgically separated from the underlying tissues to provide visibility and access to the bone and tooth surface. A nonsurgical mechanical approach may be deemed more conservative. However, it may have limited efficacy in advanced diseased sites. Flap reflection is considered more invasive, but can be more effective in increasing the clinician's ability to debride and see.Periodontics today has emerged and grown to engulf such a wide spread area, from diagnostic to nonsurgical treatment, occlusal therapy, resective procedures, hard and soft tissue regeneration procedures which include gingival augmentation, bone graft, and mucogingival surgery, implant therapy, supportive and finally adjunctive therapy. Several techniques can be used for the treatment of infrabony periodontal pockets. The periodontal flap is one of the most frequently employed procedures. The design of the flap is primarily dictated by preservation of good blood supply to the flap, by the surgical judgement of the operator & may also depend on the objectives of the procedure.
